Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层热力学与耐磨性研究

熔覆层性能难以满足特定的工艺要求，已成为限制激光熔覆发展的关键因素之一.鉴于此，在45号钢基体上制备出原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层，并进行了热力学分析.通过XRD，SEM和EDS对其微观形貌及组成成分进行了分析，对其显微硬度及耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明:激光功率的改变对激光熔覆过程中原位反应的反应程度有显著影响，过大或者过小的激光功率均会对原位反应的发生起到抑制作用;YCF102熔覆层中原位生成的NbC颗粒的主要形态为四边形和花瓣形;当激光功率为525W时，原位生成NbC增强YCF102熔覆层具有较高的显微硬度及良好的耐磨性.     

基于铜金复合纳米材料的半胱氨酸检测

铜金复合纳米材料作为一种新型探针，可灵敏地选择性检测半胱氨酸。在碘离子存在的情况下，半胱氨酸能够使铜金复合纳米材料的吸收峰信号增强，从而实现半胱氨酸的定量检测，检测限为0.06 mmol/L，线性范围为0～1 mmol/L。与其他氨基酸相比，铜金复合纳米材料传感器对半胱氨酸显示出良好的选择性，所制备的铜金复合纳米材料无需任何处理即可直接用于检测体系，大大简化了检测流程，具有简单、快捷和选择性高等优点，可作为半胱氨酸检测的有力工具。     

动车组车体底边梁用6005A铝型材检验分析

6005A铝合金大截面复杂制品作为轨道车体的边梁或枕梁，对轨道车体的整体起连接和承重作用，是动车组车体的关键部位。采用电子万能试验机、铝型材压力试验机、光学显微镜等研究了速度达400 km·h^-1动车组车体底边梁用6005A铝型材的强度、显微组织和断口形貌等，旨在为动车组用铝挤压型材产品检验和工艺制度制定提供技术支持与指导。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定地表水中铜含量的不确定度评定

根据GB 7475—87《水质铜、锌、铅、镉的测定火焰原子吸收分光光度法》建立地表水样测定的数学模型,并根据JJF 1059.1—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》的要求,计算测量过程中的不确定度分量,最终得出扩展不确定度.经检测计算,该地表水样品中的铜含量为1.53 mg/L,其扩展不确定度为0.036 mg/L,包含因子k=2,地表水样品中铜含量的测量结果应报告为(1.53±0.036) mg/L, k=2.结果表明,火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定地表水样中铜含量的不确定度主要来源于标准曲线拟合、标准溶液配制和样品重复测量.     

6063铝合金表面点状物的分析研究

利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)等分析研究了6063铝合金表面点状凸起物的表面形貌及成分.结果表明,这种点状凸起物主要是由大量聚集的碳化硅颗粒以及少量的游离硅组成,碳化硅颗粒硬度较大,不易加工,从而造成铝合金表面异常.     

Synthesis of aluminum nitride in a coke-calcium reduction bed using nitrogen in air

An experimental study on the heating of a mixture of aluminum and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) powders in a reductive bed under air atmosphere is reported. The formation of aluminum nitride (AlN) during this process was the focus of this study. The formation of AlN was achieved using LiOH as an additive and heating the sample in a resistance furnace in a specially designed double crucible within a bed of a mixture of coke and filamentous calcium. The temperature range of the reaction was between 700°C and 1100°C. The optimum tem-perature of 1100°C and the optimum LiOH amount (5wt%) required to achieve maximum yield were determined by powder X-ray diffrac-tion (XRD) analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs clearly indicated the transformation of grain structures from rods (700°C) to cauliflower shapes (1100°C).     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

铜离子对中国大鲵幼体的胁迫效应

为研究铜离子暴露对中国大鲵的毒性效应,以中国大鲵幼体为研究对象,采用慢性染毒法,将大鲵幼体暴露于0mg/L、1.0mg/L、1.5mg/L和3.0mg/L的铜溶液中30d,观察铜离子胁迫下的大鲵幼体临床症。之后立即对大鲵幼体进行解剖并观察其皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠组织的病理变化,同时采集大鲵幼体的皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠,利用石蜡切片和HE染色对大鲵幼体的组织病理损伤进行观察。结果表明,随着铜离子浓度的增加,大鲵幼体异常行为与其体表黏液的分泌也越加频繁;铜离子胁迫会导致大鲵幼体膀胱显著膨大并充斥大量尿液;铜离子对大鲵幼体皮肤的真皮结构、肝脏和胰脏细胞会产生一定的病理损伤,但对大鲵幼体皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠组织结构未造成毒害效应。本研究表明,铜离子胁迫30d后会对大鲵幼体产生一定的毒性效应,并且毒性程度与铜离子的浓度呈正相关关系。     

离子液体中Cu纳米电极上电化学还原CO2合成碳酸二甲脂

在不同的温度和时间下煅烧Cu片得到CO₂前驱体,再由Cu₂O前驱体电化学还原得到铜电极（Oxide reduced copper, OR-Cu）.通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）等测试手段对材料进行了表征,通过循环伏安（CV）和气质联用仪(GC-MS)等表征手段探讨了材料对CO₂的电化学催化性能以及对电合成DMC产率的影响.结果表明,OR-Cu电极的晶界以及Cu₂O初始厚度是影响材料电催化性能的主要因素.700 ℃下煅烧2 h的Cu₂O前驱体,再经电化学还原所得到的电极具有明显的晶界及合适的Cu₂O初始厚度,具有最高的电催化活性,以其作为电极合成DMC的产率在室温下可达到87%.